Internal Vertical Port Scan

name: Internal Vertical Port Scan
id: 40d2dc41-9bbf-421a-a34b-8611271a6770
version: 13
creation_date: '2020-01-19'
modification_date: '2026-05-13'
author: Dean Luxton, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
description: This analytic detects instances where an internal host attempts to communicate with over 500 ports on a single destination IP address. It includes filtering criteria to exclude applications performing scans over ephemeral port ranges, focusing on potential reconnaissance or scanning activities. Monitoring network traffic logs allows for timely detection and response to such behavior, enhancing network security by identifying and mitigating potential threats promptly.
data_source:
    - AWS CloudWatchLogs VPCflow
    - Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense Connection Event
search: |
    | tstats `security_content_summariesonly`
      count min(_time) as firstTime
            max(_time) as lastTime
            values(All_Traffic.action) as action
            values(All_Traffic.src_category) as src_category
            values(All_Traffic.dest_zone) as dest_zone
            values(All_Traffic.src_zone) as src_zone

    from datamodel=Network_Traffic where

    All_Traffic.src_ip IN (
      "10.0.0.0/8", "172.16.0.0/12", "192.168.0.0/16", "100.64.0.0/10",
      "127.0.0.0/8", "169.254.0.0/16", "192.0.0.0/24", "192.0.0.0/29", "192.0.0.8/32",
      "192.0.0.9/32", "192.0.0.10/32", "192.0.0.170/32", "192.0.0.171/32", "192.0.2.0/24",
      "192.31.196.0/24", "192.52.193.0/24", "192.88.99.0/24", "224.0.0.0/4", "192.175.48.0/24",
      "198.18.0.0/15", "198.51.100.0/24", "203.0.113.0/24", "240.0.0.0/4"
    )

    by span=1s _time
       All_Traffic.src_ip All_Traffic.dest_port
       All_Traffic.dest_ip All_Traffic.transport
       All_Traffic.rule

    | `drop_dm_object_name("All_Traffic")`
    | eval gtime=_time
    | bin span=1h gtime

    | stats min(_time) as _time
            values(action) as action
            dc(eval(if(dest_port<1024 AND transport="tcp",dest_port,null))) as privilegedDestTcpPortCount
            dc(eval(if(transport="tcp",dest_port,null))) as totalDestTcpPortCount
            dc(eval(if(dest_port<1024 AND transport="udp",dest_port,null))) as privilegedDestUdpPortCount
            dc(eval(if(transport="udp",dest_port,null))) as totalDestUdpPortCount
            values(src_category) as src_category
            values(dest_zone) as dest_zone
            values(src_zone) as src_zone
      by src_ip dest_ip transport gtime
    | eval totalDestPortCount=totalDestUdpPortCount+totalDestTcpPortCount,
           privilegedDestPortCount=privilegedDestTcpPortCount+privilegedDestUdpPortCount
    | where (totalDestPortCount>=500 AND privilegedDestPortCount>=20)
    | fields - gtime
    | `internal_vertical_port_scan_filter`
how_to_implement: To properly run this search, Splunk needs to ingest data from networking telemetry sources such as firewalls, NetFlow, or host-based networking events. Ensure that the Network_Traffic data model is populated to enable this search effectively.
known_false_positives: No false positives have been identified at this time.
references: []
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$src_ip$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  src_ip = "$src_ip$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$src_ip$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$src_ip$") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: 7d
      latest_offset: "0"
finding:
    title: $src_ip$ has scanned $totalDestPortCount$ ports on $dest_ip$
    entity:
        field: src_ip
        type: system
        score: 50
threat_objects:
    - field: dest_ip
      type: ip_address
analytic_story:
    - Network Discovery
    - Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense Analytics
    - China-Nexus Threat Activity
    - Scattered Lapsus$ Hunters
asset_type: Endpoint
mitre_attack_id:
    - T1046
product:
    - Splunk Enterprise
    - Splunk Enterprise Security
    - Splunk Cloud
category: network
security_domain: network
tests:
    - name: AWS CloudWatch True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1046/nmap/vertical.log
          source: aws:cloudwatchlogs:vpcflow
          sourcetype: aws:cloudwatchlogs:vpcflow
      test_type: unit
    - name: Cisco Secure Firewall True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/cisco_secure_firewall_threat_defense/connection_event/connection_events.log
          source: not_applicable
          sourcetype: cisco:sfw:estreamer
      test_type: unit