Cisco Duo Set User Status to Bypass 2FA

name: Cisco Duo Set User Status to Bypass 2FA
id: 8728d224-9cd5-4aa7-b75f-f8520a569979
version: 6
creation_date: '2025-07-10'
modification_date: '2026-05-13'
author: Patrick Bareiss, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
description: |
    The following analytic detects instances where a Duo user's status is changed to "Bypass" for 2FA, specifically when the
    previous status was "Active." This behavior is identified by analyzing Duo activity logs for user update actions, extracting
    the status transitions, and filtering for cases where a user is set to bypass multi-factor authentication. This is a critical
    event for a Security Operations Center (SOC) to monitor, as bypassing 2FA significantly weakens account security and may
    indicate malicious insider activity or account compromise. Attackers or unauthorized administrators may exploit this change to
    disable strong authentication controls, increasing the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive systems and data. Early detection
    of such changes enables rapid investigation and response, helping to prevent potential breaches and limit the impact of
    credential-based attacks.
data_source:
    - Cisco Duo Administrator
search: |-
    `cisco_duo_activity` action.name=user_update
      | spath input=target.details path=status output=status
      | spath input=old_target.details path=status output=old_status
      | search status=Bypass old_status=Active
      | rename target.name as user access_device.ip.address as src_ip
      | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime
        BY access_device.browser access_device.browser_version src_ip
           access_device.location.city access_device.location.country access_device.location.state
           access_device.os access_device.os_version action.name
           actor.details actor.name actor.type
           old_target.details target.details status
           old_status user
      | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
      | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
      | `cisco_duo_set_user_status_to_bypass_2fa_filter`
how_to_implement: The analytic leverages Duo activity logs to be ingested using the Cisco Security Cloud App (https://splunkbase.splunk.com/app/7404).
known_false_positives: No false positives have been identified at this time.
references:
    - https://splunkbase.splunk.com/app/7404
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$user$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  user = "$user$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$user$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$user$") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: 7d
      latest_offset: "0"
finding:
    title: A user $user$ has set their status to bypass 2FA from IP Address - $src_ip$
    entity:
        field: user
        type: user
        score: 50
threat_objects:
    - field: src_ip
      type: ip_address
analytic_story:
    - Cisco Duo Suspicious Activity
asset_type: Identity
mitre_attack_id:
    - T1556
product:
    - Splunk Enterprise
    - Splunk Enterprise Security
    - Splunk Cloud
category: application
security_domain: identity
tests:
    - name: True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1556/cisco_duo_bypass_2FA/cisco_duo_activity.json
          source: duo
          sourcetype: cisco:duo:activity
      test_type: unit