Python PTH File Creation During Package Installation

name: Python PTH File Creation During Package Installation
id: bf581b86-39cd-48b7-9312-d9affb48a8bc
version: 1
creation_date: '2026-08-21'
modification_date: '2026-08-21'
author: Onur Mustafa Erdogan, Splunk
status: production
type: Anomaly
description: |-
    The following analytic detects the creation of a Python path configuration (`.pth`) file in conjunction with a package installation process.
    Path configuration files placed under `site-packages` or `dist-packages` are executed with every subsequent invocation of Python, allowing adversaries to achieve persistence on the victim endpoint regardless of build method or distribution type.
    This technique was used by the threat actor group TeamPCP during the supply chain compromise of the `litellm` package.
    If confirmed malicious, this could result in arbitrary code execution every time Python is invoked on the compromised host.
data_source:
    - Sysmon EventID 1 AND Sysmon EventID 11
search: |-
    `sysmon`
    EventID IN (1,11)
    process_name="python.exe"
    (
        process="* install *"
        OR
        (
            file_name="*.pth"
            action="created"
        )
    )
    | stats count min(_time) as firstTime
                  max(_time) as lastTime
                  values(parent_process_id) as parent_process_id
                  values(parent_process_path) as parent_process_path
                  values(parent_process_name) as parent_process_name
                  values(parent_process) as parent_process
                  values(process_path) as process_path
                  values(process_name) as process_name
                  values(process) as process
                  values(file_name) as file_name
                  values(file_path) as file_path
                  dc(EventID) as dc_event_id

      by dest source process_id

    | search dc_event_id>1 AND process!="*-- setuptools*"

    | table firstTime lastTime
            parent_process_id parent_process_path parent_process_name parent_process
            process_id process_path process_name process
            file_name file_path
            dest source

    | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
    | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
    | `python_pth_file_creation_during_package_installation_filter`
how_to_implement: |-
    This detection requires Sysmon event logs. Configure your environment to ingest Sysmon process creation (EventID 1)
    and file creation (EventID 11) events, ensuring that file creation events are collected for files with the .pth
    extension. Ingest the data via the appropriate Splunk Technology Add-on and normalize field names using the
    Splunk Common Information Model (CIM).
known_false_positives: |-
    Legitimate packages, such as those managing namespace packages or editable installs, may create `.pth` files as part of normal installation.
    Investigate the file contents and parent process to determine legitimacy.
references:
    - https://blog.talosintelligence.com/the-serpents-tongue-luring-the-python-out-of-its-den/
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$dest$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  dest = "$dest$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$dest$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$dest$") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: 7d
      latest_offset: "0"
intermediate_findings:
    entities:
        - field: dest
          type: system
          score: 30
          message: A Python .pth file called [$file_name$] located at [$file_path$] was created on [$dest$] during package installation using [$process$].
threat_objects:
    - field: process
      type: process
    - field: file_name
      type: file_name
    - field: file_path
      type: file_path
analytic_story:
    - Malicious Python Package Installation
    - Compromised Windows Host
    - Windows Persistence Techniques
asset_type: Endpoint
mitre_attack_id:
    - T1546
    - T1195.002
product:
    - Splunk Enterprise
    - Splunk Enterprise Security
    - Splunk Cloud
category: endpoint
security_domain: endpoint
tests:
    - name: True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1546/python_pth_file_creation/python_pth_file_creation.log
          source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational
          sourcetype: XmlWinEventLog
      test_type: unit