Windows Error Report Created in ReportQueue Manually

name: Windows Error Report Created in ReportQueue Manually
id: c3b33d42-dd28-41bc-8abd-407654a5c9bc
version: 1
creation_date: '2026-08-17'
modification_date: '2026-08-18'
author: Onur Mustafa Erdogan, Splunk
status: production
type: Anomaly
description: |-
    The following analytic detects a .wer file being written into the Windows Error Reporting ReportQueue directory by a process other than the standard error-reporting binaries.
    Windows Error Reporting normally populates ReportQueue only through werfault.exe, werfaultsecure.exe, or wermgr.exe following an actual application crash.
    In the ShieldBreak exploit, the attacker fabricates a .wer report directly and manually invokes the QueueReporting scheduled task, which causes wermgr.exe to process the report and load an attacker-planted phantom DLL at SYSTEM integrity.
    If confirmed malicious, this activity indicates preparation for a local privilege escalation attempt abusing Windows Error Reporting.
data_source:
    - Sysmon EventID 11
search: |-
    `sysmon`
    EventCode=11
    action IN ("created","modified")
    file_name="*.wer"
    file_path="*\\ReportQueue\\*"
    NOT process_path IN (
      "*\\svchost.exe",
      "*\\werfault.exe",
      "*\\werfaultsecure.exe",
      "*\\wermgr.exe"
    )
    | fillnull
    | stats count min(_time) as firstTime
                  max(_time) as lastTime
      by dest file_name file_path file_hash action
         process_name process_path process_id user vendor_product
    | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
    | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
    | `windows_error_report_created_in_reportqueue_manually_filter`
how_to_implement: |-
    To successfully implement this search, you need to be ingesting logs with file creation events from your endpoints. If you are using Sysmon, you must have EventID 11 (FileCreate) enabled, and the FileCreate section of the configuration must include TargetFilename paths ending in .wer or containing ReportQueue, since these are commonly excluded by default configurations.
known_false_positives: |-
    Crash-reporting or telemetry agents that integrate with Windows Error Reporting may stage .wer files outside the standard WER binaries. Tune by Image as necessary for your environment.
references:
    - https://www.cyderes.com/howler-cell/rogueplanet-windows-zero-day
    - https://www.threatlocker.com/blog/nightmareeclipse-releases-new-poc-shieldbreak-exploits-same-weakness-as-rogueplanet
    - https://isc.sans.edu/diary/22536
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$dest$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  dest = "$dest$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$dest$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$dest$") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: 7d
      latest_offset: "0"
intermediate_findings:
    entities:
        - field: dest
          type: system
          score: 40
          message: A suspicious process [$process_name$] created a Windows Error Reporting report [$file_path$] on [$dest$]
threat_objects:
    - field: process_name
      type: process_name
    - field: file_path
      type: file_path
analytic_story:
    - RoguePlanet
    - Windows Privilege Escalation
    - Windows Error Reporting Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
asset_type: Endpoint
mitre_attack_id:
    - T1068
    - T1053.005
product:
    - Splunk Enterprise
    - Splunk Enterprise Security
    - Splunk Cloud
category: endpoint
security_domain: endpoint
tests:
    - name: True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/emerging_threats/ShieldBreak/wer_file_creation.log
          source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational
          sourcetype: XmlWinEventLog
      test_type: unit